EMISJA CO2

LIGNITE AS A FOSSIL SHOULD BE STORED UNDER THE GROUND FOR ANOTHER 500 YEARS. ITS COMBUSTION WILL CAUSE HARMFUL EMISSIONS TO ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE

Powerlessness should be called the method of using fly ash from lignite combustion in the sludge management. Chimney dust from lignite combustion, otherwise known as fly ash, are used, among others, for the stabilization of sewage sludge. The profit from this practice is the simultaneous use of two solid waste - a reduction of costs related to the storage of ashes and sludge hygienization. According to the authors of these absurd solutions, such ashes have a positive effect on plant production because it does not cause unfavourable changes in the growth of plants or their composition. This is in conflict with the legislator and all legal acts regarding environmental protection.

PERMISSIBLE EMISSION NORMS

PM10 - a mixture of organic and inorganic molecules suspended in air containing particles with a diameter of fewer than 10 micrometres, that reach the upper respiratory tract and lungs. The permissible level is 50 μg/m3. The maximum emission is 35 days a year. Critical level 200 μg/m3/year

PM 2.5 dusts cause coughing, difficulty in breathing and shortness of breath - especially during physical effort. PM 2.5 dusts are particles with a diameter of fewer than 2.5 microns, which can reach the upper airways of the lungs and penetrate into the blood. The target annual average value is 25 μg/m3. Tolerance of 27 μg/m3. These dust contribute to the threat of respiratory infections and exacerbation of symptoms of allergic diseases, e.g. asthma, hay fever, conjunctivitis. The severity of symptoms depends to a large extent on the concentration of dust in the air. New data shows the negative impact of inhaled dust on the health of pregnant women and the developing fetus (low birth weight, fetal malformations, complications of the course of pregnancy)

HARMFULNESS OF LIGNITE COMBUSTION AS CORPORATE COLLUSION

The scientific community agrees on the issue of stopping the combustion of lignite as soon as possible in all energy units, because chemical compounds together with elements contained in brown coal produce during the combustion process so harmful volatile substances in the form of furans, dioxins, PM10 and PM2.5 that no exhaust cleaning is able to free the environment from toxic fumes. Only the ash remains with the content of heavy metals that during the oxidation process make it a toxic waste. For the presented problem there is no effective way to eliminate it because the pseudo installations and their solutions concerning, for example, fly ashes mixed with sewage sludge are not only an avoidance of the problem but an obvious fraud. Fly ash from lignite combustion is thus a serious ecological problem. It has the form of a fine mineral dust of grey or brown colour, which is mainly composed of silicon oxides; besides it contains many trace elements and shows a small proportion of unburnt carbon

The components of the smoke dust are mainly oxides - SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, Na2O, K2O and TiO2. Dust also contain trace amounts of such elements as Ba, Cu, Sr, Ni, Cr, Zn, Cd, Mo, V, Se, Pb, As and others. The fly ash from the combustion of lignite contains the particles, from small SiO2, through medium-sized conglomerates - spherical Si-Al bodies containing Na-Ca-K-Mg, to large heterogeneous particles made of glassy conglomerates containing Na, K, Ca and Fe. They also contain medium and small flattened iron-rich particles composed of polycrystalline aggregates of metallic iron and Fe (Ti) oxides (magnetite, hematite, ilmenite). Fly ashes, depending on the share of the main components, are divided into silicate ashes, aluminium ashes, and calcium ashes.

IGNORANCE OF HAZARDS ARISING FROM SMOKE DUST AND FLY ASHES

CO2 EMISSIONS

LANDFILLS

SEWAGE SLUDGE

LIGNITE

MEDICAL WASTE

TOXIC SUBSTANCES

MINING SLUDGE 

LAGOONS

SEA AERAS 

LIGNITE